Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are unicellular and cluster, forming entities not visible to the naked eye as individual organisms. The study of microorganisms has become important, especially in foods, because they can spoil food and bring about pathogenic reactions in humans and animals. Controlling their activities contributes to high hygienic standards in food and prevents the spread of food- and water-borne illnesses.

Major developments in food microbiology have led to the standardization of test methods and practices in testing laboratories. Microbiological safety requires the use of accredited laboratories, which will ensure reliable test results that will be accepted globally. The related titles in this document describe the basic requirements in establishing a microbiology testing laboratory.